Велика је штета што је један значајан догађај, који се
одиграо пре сам почетак ИИ Св. рата у Београду, скоро тотално пао у заборав. А
значајан је, јер су 03. септембра 1939. године у Београду вожене прве и једине
трке тадашњих болида Формуле 1!
Трке су вожене на стази око Калемегдана, а организоване су у
у част рођендана краља Петра Другог Карађорђевића.
Колико је ово био значајан догађај за Београд, али и целу
тадашњу Југославију, је податак да је тог дана на улицама Београда било између
75.000 и 100.000 људи! Ово је значајан број чак и за данашње појмове, а камоли
пре 74 године!
У трци која је одговарала свим стандардима Формуле 1, на
стази дугој 2,794 м, вожено је 50 кругова. Била је то последња ГП трка
планирана за ту такмичарску сезону, а пошто је практично већ био започео рат,
после трке око Калемегдана дошло је до прекида такмичења који је трајао пуних
седам година.
Тога дана Београд је угостио неке од највећих имена тога
времена као што су Тацио Нуволари, Манфред Фон Браухич, Херман Ланг... Нажалост
због претње рата, у Београд нису дошли Робер Мазо и Жорж Грињар, али ни Рудолф
Карачола, који је био повређен.
На овој ГП трци је победио Тацио Нуволари, а колики је
мајстор био, показује податак да је у Београд стигао тек дан пред трку и
одвозио само један тренинг!
На крају трке, поредак је би следећи:
1. Тацио Нуволари (Ауто Унион) - 130,839 км/х,
2. Манфред фон Браухич (Мерцедес-Бенз) - 130,4 км/х,
3. Херман Паул Милер (Ауто Унион) - 129,8 км/х.
Иначе, добар пријатељ мога оца, рођени Београђанин, који је
тада имао свега 11 година, причао ми је како се добро сећа тог догађаја. Сећао
се гужве која је пратила цео догађај, али и људи уплашених од несносне буке
мотора која је одзвањала Београдом. Неки су чак у паници мислили да су почела
ратна дејства и бомбардовање...
Нека овај кратки текст и ове фотографије буду мало подсећање
на тај изузетни догађај, са жељом да се не заборави.
Владимир Јовицки Јовис
Ауто Унион Тyпе Д какав је возио Нуволари се и данас сматра
за један од најлепших болида Формуле 1.
I BEOGRAD
CITY PARK
RACE/BEOGRAD GP
Kalemegdan Park - Beograd (YU),
3 September 1939
50 laps x 2.794 km (1.736 mi) = 139.70 km (86.8 mi)
2 Hermann Lang Daimler-Benz AG Mercedes-Benz W154 3.0 V-12
4 Tazio
Nuvolari Auto Union AG Auto Union D 3.0 V-12
4 Ulrich
Bigalke Auto Union AG Auto Union D 3.0 V-12 DNS
- reserve #8?
6 Manfred von
Brauchitsch Daimler-Benz AG Mercedes-Benz W154 3.0 V-12
8 Hermann
Mьller Auto Union AG Auto Union D 3.0 V-12
8 Hans Stuck Auto Union AG Auto Union D 3.0 V-12 DNS - did not practice
10 Walter Bдumer Daimler-Benz AG Mercedes-Benz W154 3.0 V-12 shared
car #2
12 Bosko
Milenkowitsch B. Milenkowitsch Bugatti T51 2.3 S-8
14 Raymond
Sommer Alfa Corse? Alfa Romeo Tipo
308 3.0 S-8 DNA
16 ? Alfa Corse? Alfa Romeo Tipo 308 3.0 S-8 DNA
18 Luigi
Villoresi Officine A. Maserati Maserati 8CTF 3.0 S-8 DNA
20 Paul Pietsch Officine A. Maserati Maserati 8CTF 3.0 S-8 DNA
Nuvolari wins Auto Union's final Grand Prix race.
by Hans Etzrodt, slightly edited by Leif Snellman
The second Belgrade City Race in Yugoslavia was run despite the fact
that WW II had already started. Nuvolari on Auto Union won the brief 81.3 mph
battle between only five cars over this bumpy city circuit. Von Brauchitsch
took the lead right at the start, only to lose it to Mьller's Auto Union after
a spin on lap 16. When Mьller encountered tire problems on lap 30, Nuvolari
inherited the lead, never to lose it again. Lang retired due to injury early in
the race, when a stone smashed his goggles. Such was the pace of the 50 lap
race that three drivers beat Brauchitsch's fastest practice time. The cause for
the unusual tire problems may have been the strong grip on the small cobblestones
in conjunction with the cars jumping high over the bumps. The cars from Auto
Union and Mercedes-Benz had been evenly matched.
The Belgrade City Race was held in honor of the birthday of
the young King Peter II. The 2.794 km road circuit, at the Sava and Danube
river junction in Belgrade,
encircled a little mountain, crowned by the huge old Turkish fortress
Kalemegdan. The course went counter clockwise, had eight left hand turns, one
fast right kink and no straight worth mentioning to do passing maneuvers. For
the most part, the cobblestone streets were narrow, slippery and bumpy, causing
the cars to briefly lift off the ground and jump through the air. The drivers
also had to cope with tram lines on this rather short circuit, a bit longer
than Pau but shorter than Monaco. The 50
lap race lasted just over an hour and with only five cars at the start, the
event gave the impression of a demonstration run instead a grand prix. A
Yugoslavian Grand Prix it was not. (Note 1)
The
international political atmosphere was extremely tense. A heavily armored Nazi
Germany had seized Austria
on 12 March of 1938, followed half a year later by the occupation of Czechoslovakia
on 3 October. Gasoline had been rationed in Germany in early August of 1939.
Per car, only five liters of fuel were issued at a tank stop. The stress and
uncertainty of the times were felt even at the Swiss Grand Prix, two weeks
prior to the Belgrade
race. Headlines in the newspapers raised the fear of a looming war. Then, early
morning of September 1, German troops had marched into Poland,
starting World War II. Two days later, when the Belgrade
race was run, both Britain
and France were at war with Germany.
Entries:
Travel was not easy in these times of political tension and
uncertainty. Somehow the German teams made it to Yugoslavia,
a three day trip from Germany
over Vienna and Budapest
to Belgrade.
Mercedes-Benz arrived with only two cars and a large tanker truck filled with
fuel. Team manager Alfred Neubauer was accompanied by Hermann Lang, Manfred von
Brauchitsch and Walter Bдumer as reserve. According to Neubauer, Rudolf
Caracciola did not race because his leg had become worse again. Rudi also
planned to drive only at the most important grand prix races in the future.
Auto Union had H.P. Mьller, Tazio Nuvolari,
Hans Stuck and Ulrich Bigalke as reserve driver. Why they needed four drivers
for two cars had probably something to do with the uncertainty of these times.
The only local entry came from Bosko Milenkovic with a 2.3-liter Bugatti T51,
at least four years old. It had not been an easy decision for the Mercedes-Benz
team to travel to Belgrade
in times like these. Probably for the same reason, the expected Alfa Romeos and
Maseratis did not show up.
Practice:
The first practice session on Thursday, August 31, was from
four to six in the afternoon. Because of the political uncertainty, the
atmosphere in Belgrade
was very tense. Lang drove car W154-8 and did 19 laps, the fastest in 1m16.2s.
Brauchitsch's best time with car W154-16 was 1m17.3s after 17 laps. Both cars
were equipped with the altered fuel supply system introduced at the Swiss Grand
Prix, to eliminate plug and piston ring problems they were plagued with in France and Germany. Only one Auto Union
practiced, driven by Mьller. His fastest out of 16 laps was 1m18.3s with car
76011. Wild rumors about German troops at the Polish border and a possible war
persisted all evening.
The following
morning, the fears turned to reality. The Belgrade
newspapers sold special editions: "Germany
at war with Poland."
In all this excitement, a lot of foreign visitors left the hotels for their
home destinations. The German teams were now undecided whether to race or
immediately drive back to Germany.
The organizers asked them to stay. Declining to start would have been a great
financial loss for the promoter. The two hour practice started again at 4 PM.
Lang improved his time to 1m15.4s after 10 laps, whereas von Brauchisch's best
was 1m18.4s out of 10 laps. Mьller practiced again with car 76011, the fastest
time of 1m18.2s. He pitted after 13 laps because oil and water temperatures
were at 105 °C instead the 95 desired. Air and ground temperatures were 30 and
40 degrees respectively. Mьller did another seven laps without the front hood,
resulting in a faster time of 1m17.2s. However, the temperatures remained the
same. Since Nuvolari had not yet shown up, reserve driver Bigalke took out the
second car, 76010, his best time was 1m37.0s. After five laps, he returned to
the pits with fuel feed problems. Since a quick check revealed nothing, Mьller
drove the car for nine laps, his fastest at 1m16.8s. The German preferred car
76010, with the stronger roller-bearing engine revving at 7200 rpm. It had been
destined for Nuvolari, but since the Italian's arrival was still uncertain, the
car was now assigned to Mьller. Later, after changing the final drive ratio on
his five-speed transaxle, Mьller was able to use third gear only, for the
entire circuit.
Saturday
morning, Nuvolari and Stuck finally arrived in the capital with the same train.
Since Auto Union had only two cars, the faster practice time was to decide
between Stuck and Mьller to start next to Nuvolari. After some discussion,
Stuck was asked to abstain from practice and the race. The reasoning was, that
Mьller, with 45 laps already well familiarized with the circuit, would try
anything to outdo Stuck's time. Stuck on the other hand, would have requested
an equal amount of laps to approach Mьller's best time. Therefore, the engine
would already have been stressed with higher rpm's during practice and this was
not acceptable.
At 12:00 noon,
the promoters had allowed a special practice session for Nuvolari. At the end
of ten laps, his best time with car 76011 was 1m20.2s. After another six laps
he was down to 1m17.2s. At the official training between 4:00 and 6:00 PM, lap times
tumbled further. Both Mercedes-Benz cars were fastest again. Manfred von
Brauchitsch (Note 2) did 1m14.2s and Lang could only improve to 1m15.0s. He
promptly wanted to go out again to beat von Brauchitsch's time, but Neubauer
objected, since Lang already occupied the front row. Within another six laps,
Nuvolari bettered his time to 1m16.3s. His car had the weaker plain bearing
engine, revving only at 6800 rpm. He then took his Auto Union out again for two
five lap stints, to scrub in two sets of tires. Mьller got stranded with fuel
feed problems, after having done six laps. Practice was interrupted to tow the
Auto Union back to the pits. After the faulty carburetor was repaired, Mьller
did another seven laps and lowered his time to 1m15.2s.
Race:
The 50,000 spectators, aware that Germany
had attacked Poland two days
ago, knew since this Sunday morning, that Great
Britain and France
in support of Poland, were
at war with Germany.
The helpless German teams felt not inclined to race. After all, Alfred Neubauer
returned from the German embassy with the news that they were going to race. In
spite of all this, three races for motorcycles and four for sports cars were
run since the morning, with the grand prix car battle crowning the day's events
in the late afternoon. The cars lined up as follow
2 6
Lang Brauchitsch
Mercedes-Benz Mercedes-Benz
1m15.0s 1m14.2s
8
Mьller
Auto Union
1m15.2s
4 12
Nuvolari Milenkovic
Auto Union Bugatti
1m16.3s
At 4:45 PM, the race was on. Lang wanted to do a really
quick start but had rear-wheel shatter, enabling von Brauchitsch to shoot into
the lead. A furious Lang, who was keen to win what would surely would be the
last race for a considerable time, tried to pass, only to be pushed onto the
pavement. For the first six laps the order remained the same: von Brauchitsch,
Lang, Nuvolari, Mьller, and Milenkovic. Von Brauchitsch was driving very wild,
with Lang glued to his tail, looking for a chance to pass. Neubauer waved his
house-flag, but Manfred maintained his wild style. On lap seven, Brauchitsch
had taken one of the corners too fast, his car slid to the edge of the road and
on acceleration, threw up dirt and stones. One stone shattered the wind-screen
of Lang's Mercedes and both glasses of his goggles. Lang, momentarily blinded
by the impact, ran off the road but recovered. He pulled into the pits with a
bleeding eye. Dr. Glдser, the German team doctor, pulled the glass splinters
out of both eyes. Bдumer, in the meantime, was ordered into Lang's car, which
had fallen back two laps. He pulled out of the pits just before the leading
Mercedes came by and hindered an angry Brauchitsch.
Still driving
spectacular and needlessly going ever faster, von Brauchitsch led Mьller, who
had gone by Nuvolari, followed by Bдumer, now three laps back. On lap 15, von
Brauchitsch established a new lap record of 1m14.0s. He was 13.8 seconds ahead
of Mьller who had Nuvolari glued to his tail. On lap 16, Brauchitsch had taken
a right-hand uphill turn too fast, spinning his car around in front of the
French embassy and stalling the engine in the process. The car faced the wrong
way and he was able to re-start by letting his car roll downhill in the wrong direction.
This was a rules violation, a maneuver not noticed by any of the officials. The
moment Brauchitsch turned his car around the Auto Union tandem arrived in hot
pursuit. As Mьller passed Brauchitsch tried to return to the race straight in
front of Nuvolari, who, only by performing an exceptional run-around maneuver,
avoided a collision with the Mercedes.
Mьller was now
the new leader from lap 16 to 29, five seconds ahead of Nuvolari and eight
ahead of Brauchitsch. Trying desperately to catch up with the Auto Unions,
Brauchitsch spun again, and Bдumer in Lang's car went by. When Manfred caught
up again with the other Mercedes, he tried to pass. Since Bдumer did not
immediately moved over, Brauchitsch pressured him so much that the reserve driver
went into the straw bales. On lap 22, Mьller equaled Brauchitsch's lap record
of 1m14.0s.
On lap 30,
Mьller had a large portion of the left rear tire breaker fly away and lost time
to get back to the pits. Milenkovic had to make a lengthy pitstop because of
overheating. His mechanic didn't manage to unscrew the radiator cap, so he had
to do it by himself, losing additional time. Nuvolari was now the leader, five
seconds ahead of von Brauchitsch. With no obstructions ahead, Nuvolari equaled
the lap record set by Brauchitsch, who had to stop on lap 36 with totally
destroyed rear tires. Nuvolari's advantage increased therefore to 50 seconds,
until he also had to stop for new tires on lap 39. After refueling and changing
tires in only 26 seconds, the mechanics push-started the Auto Union instead of
using a portable starter. This was an obvious rule violation and Mercedes-Benz
team manager, Neubauer, wanted to protest. But Wilhelm Sebastian from Auto
Union, pointed to von Brauchitsch's illegal maneuver before. Nuvolari kept his
lead, always eight to six seconds ahead of the Mercedes.
After just 64
minutes it was all over, with Nuvolari 7.6 seconds clear of von Brauchitsch and
30.6 seconds ahead of Mьller. Milenkovic, driving 19 laps behind, was flagged
off. The Prince Regent, Paul, presented Nuvolari with the cup of King Peter II.
It was to be Auto Union's last grand prix victory and also the last grand prix
of 1939 for the 3-liter supercharged formula, which carried on until after the
war in 1946. The Belgrade City Park Race had concluded the era of The Golden
Thirties.
Postscript:
Neubauer organized a caravan of all the German trucks. Off
they went trying to reach the German border. With rumours that all fuel would
be confiscated in Hungary
the caravan instead chose to take some dirty country roads through Slavonia, Croatia
and the mountains of Slovenia
into Austria.
To see through the dust the trucks had to leave a one mile gap between each
other. Finally reaching the factory gates the trucks were confiscated by the
German army. The great GP teams were no more.
Results
Pos.
|
No.
|
Driver
|
Entrant
|
Car
|
Type
|
Engine
|
Laps
|
Time/ Status
|
Diff
|
1.
|
4.
|
Tazio Nuvolari
|
Auto Union AG
|
Auto Union
|
D
|
3.0 V-12
|
50
|
1h04m03.8s
|
|
2.
|
6.
|
Manfred von Brauchitsch
|
Daimler-Benz AG
|
Mercedes-Benz
|
W154
|
3.0 V-12
|
50
|
1h04m11.4s
|
+ 7.6s
|
3.
|
8.
|
Hermann Mьller
|
Auto Union AG
|
Auto Union
|
D
|
3.0 V-12
|
50
|
1h04m34.4s
|
+ 31.6s
|
4.
|
12.
|
Bosko Milenkowitsch
|
B. Milenkowitsch
|
Bugatti
|
T51
|
2.3 S-8
|
31
|
1h04m27.2s
|
|
DNF
|
2
|
H. Lang / W. Bдumer
|
Daimler-Benz AG
|
Mercedes-Benz
|
W154
|
3.0 V-12
|
17
|
crash by Bдumer
|
|
Fastest lap: Mьller & Nuvolari (Auto Union) and v.
Brauchitsch (Mercedes-Benz) all in 1m14.0s = 135.9 km/h (84.5 mph)
Winner's medium speed: 130.8 km/h (81.3 mph)
Pole position speed: 135.6 km/h (84.2 mph)
Weather: warm, sunny.
Footnote:
1. Contemporary
magazines like Motor und Sport as well as books by Herzog, Kirchberg, Tragatsch
and others refer to this race as the Belgrade City Park Race or Belgrade Grand
Prix. Therefore, this event will not be adopted here as the Yugoslavian Grand
Prix, as it is referred to in many publications after WW II.
2. According to
Mercedes-Benz team manager, Alfred Neubauer, Brauchitsch attempted to quit and
fly to Switzerland
on Saturday morning. Only quick-witted action by Neubauer prevented this from
happening, when he pulled the escapee off the plane.
3. Several sources
place Milenkowitsch to the left on the grid. However, film evidence shows
Milenkowitsch to the right on the grid at the start.
Канцеларија Њ.К.В. Престолонаследника Александра II
